UPSC Prelims 2016·CSAT·Logical Reasoning·Deductive Logic

A ate grapes and pineapple; B ate grapes and oranges; C ate oranges, pineapple and apple; D ate grapes, apple and pineapple. After taking fruits, B and C fell sick. In the light of the above facts, it can be said that the cause of sickness was:

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  1. AApple
  2. BPineapple
  3. CGrapes
  4. DOrangesCorrect

Explanation

To determine the cause of sickness, we need to find the fruit that was eaten by both B and C (who fell sick), and not eaten by A or D (who did not fall sick).

  1. List who ate what and who fell sick:

    • A: Grapes, Pineapple (NOT sick)
    • B: Grapes, Oranges (SICK)
    • C: Oranges, Pineapple, Apple (SICK)
    • D: Grapes, Apple, Pineapple (NOT sick)
  2. Analyze the fruits eaten by B and C (the sick individuals):

    • B ate: Grapes, Oranges
    • C ate: Oranges, Pineapple, Apple
    • The common fruit eaten by both B and C is Oranges.
  3. Check if anyone who did NOT fall sick ate Oranges:

    • Neither A nor D ate Oranges. This confirms that Oranges is the only fruit exclusively eaten by the sick individuals.
  4. Eliminate other options:

    • Apple: Eaten by D (NOT sick), so Apple is not the cause.
    • Pineapple: Eaten by A and D (NOT sick), so Pineapple is not the cause.
    • Grapes: Eaten by A and D (NOT sick), so Grapes is not the cause.

Therefore, Oranges is the cause of sickness.

Logical Reasoning: A ate grapes and pineapple; B ate grapes and oranges; C ate oranges, pineapple and apple; D ate grapes, apple and pineap

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