In India, 'extended producer responsibility' was introduced as an important feature in which of the following?

'Extended Producer Responsibility' (EPR) is a policy approach under which producers are given a significant financial and/or physical responsibility for the treatment or disposal of post-consumer products. Assigning such responsibility could, in principle, provide incentives to producers to incorporate environmental considerations into the design of their products. In India, EPR was notably introduced as an important feature in The e-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011. These rules made producers of electrical and electronic equipment responsible for managing e-waste generated from their products once they become waste. Subsequent e-Waste Management Rules (2016) further strengthened and elaborated on the EPR framework. While the concept of producer responsibility exists in other waste management rules, the explicit and prominent introduction of 'Extended Producer Responsibility' as a core feature for end-of-life product management was a landmark in the e-Waste rules.