UPSC Prelims 2025·CSAT·Reading Comprehension·Passage Comprehension

In our country, regrettably, teaching and learning for the examination have been our forte but the new demands of society and the future of work require critical and independent thinking, learning through doing, asking questions from multiple disciplinary perspectives on the same issue, using evidence for building arguments, and reflecting and articulation. Higher education should not "either be a mere servant of the government policy or a passive respondent to public mood." Higher learning is all about how to think rather than what to think. Teaching has to be re-invented. With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: I. Higher education is a constantly evolving subject that needs to align towards new developments in all spheres of society. II. In our country, sufficient funds are not allocated for promoting higher education. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

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Last updated 23 May 2026, 3:31 pm IST
  1. AI onlyCorrect
  2. BII only
  3. CBoth I and II
  4. DNeither I nor II

Explanation

The passage emphasizes the need for higher education to adapt to "new demands of society and the future of work," requiring a shift from rote learning to critical thinking, independent inquiry, and interdisciplinary perspectives. It explicitly states that "Teaching has to be re-invented." Statement I: "Higher education is a constantly evolving subject that needs to align towards new developments in all spheres of society." This statement is directly supported by the passage's call for adapting to "new demands of society and the future of work" and the need for "re-invention" of teaching. It implies that education must evolve to remain relevant. Statement II: "In our country, sufficient funds are not allocated for promoting higher education." The passage discusses the *pedagogy* and *purpose* of higher education, criticizing current methods and advocating for a new approach. It does not mention or imply anything about funding or financial allocation for higher education. Therefore, this assumption cannot be drawn from the passage. Thus, only Statement I is a valid assumption. The final answer is A
Reading Comprehension: In our country, regrettably, teaching and learning for the examination have been our forte but the new demands of societ
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