Which of the following is/are unique characteristic/characteristics of equatorial forests? 1. Presence of tall, closely set trees with crowns forming a continuous canopy 2. Coexistence of a large number of species 3. Presence of numerous varieties of epiphytes Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Equatorial forests, also known as tropical rainforests, are characterized by: 1. Presence of tall, closely set trees with crowns forming a continuous canopy: This dense, multi-layered canopy is a defining feature, blocking sunlight from reaching the forest floor and creating a unique microclimate. 2. Coexistence of a large number of species: These forests are biodiversity hotspots, housing an immense variety of plant and animal species, making them the most species-rich terrestrial ecosystems. 3. Presence of numerous varieties of epiphytes: Due to high humidity and competition for light, many plants like orchids and bromeliads grow on other plants (epiphytes) to access sunlight, a common sight in these forests. All three statements are unique and defining characteristics of equatorial forests. Therefore, D is the correct answer.