Climate change is a complex policy issue with major implications in terms of finance. All actions to address climate change ultimately involve costs. Funding is vital for countries like India to design and implement adaptation and mitigation plans and projects. Lack of funding is a large impediment to implementing adaptation plans. The scale and magnitude of the financial support required by developing countries to enhance their domestic mitigation and adaptation actions are a matter of intense debate in the multilateral negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Convention squarely puts the responsibility for provision of financial support on the developed countries, taking into account their contribution to the stock of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. Given the magnitude of the task and the funds required, domestic finances are likely to fall short of the current and projected needs of the developing countries. Global funding through the multilateral mechanism of the Convention will enhance their domestic capacity to finance the mitigation efforts. In this passage, the Convention puts the responsibility for the provision of financial support on the developed countries because of 1) their higher level of per capita incomes. 2) their large quantum of GDP. 3) their large contribution to the stock of GHGs in the atmosphere. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

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UPSC Civil Services preparation

Last updated 23 May 2026, 3:31 pm IST

1. A1 only
2. B1 and 2 only
3. C3 onlyCorrect
4. D1, 2 and 3