UPSC Prelims 2025·CSAT·Logical Reasoning·Deductive Logic

A question is given followed by two 73. Statements I and II. Consider the Question and the Statements and mark the correct option. In a football match, team P playing against Q was behind by 3 goals with 10 minutes remaining. Does team P win the match? Statement I: Team P scored 4 goals in the last 10 minutes. Statement II: Team Q scored a total of 4 goals in the match. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above Question and the Statements?

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  1. AThe Question can be answered by using one of the Statements alone, but cannot be answered using the other statement alone.
  2. BThe Question can be answered by using either Statement alone.
  3. CThe Question can be answered by using both the Statements together, but cannot be answered using either Statement alone.
  4. DThe Question cannot be answered even using any of the Statements.Correct

Explanation

The question asks if team P wins the match, given that they were behind by 3 goals with 10 minutes remaining. Let's analyze each statement: Statement I: Team P scored 4 goals in the last 10 minutes. This statement tells us how many goals P scored in the final period. However, it does not tell us: 1. What the score was before the last 10 minutes. 2. How many goals team Q scored in the last 10 minutes, or in total. If P scores 4 goals, and Q scores 0 goals in the last 10 minutes, P could win. If P scores 4 goals, and Q scores 1 goal in the last 10 minutes, it could be a draw (P was behind by 3, scored 4, Q scored 1, so P makes up 3 goals and it's a draw). Since we don't know Q's score, Statement I alone is insufficient to determine if P wins. Statement II: Team Q scored a total of 4 goals in the match. This statement gives us Q's final score. However, it does not tell us: 1. What P's final score was. 2. How the goals were distributed over the match, especially in the last 10 minutes. Without knowing P's final score, we cannot compare it to Q's final score (4 goals) to determine if P wins. Statement II alone is insufficient. Using both Statements I and II together: Let the score with 10 minutes remaining be Q_initial : P_initial. From the question, P was behind by 3 goals: Q_initial - P_initial = 3. From Statement I, P scored 4 goals in the last 10 minutes. So, P_final = P_initial + 4. From Statement II, Q scored a total of 4 goals in the match. So, Q_final = 4. We need to determine if P_final > Q_final. Let Q_last10 be the goals Q scored in the last 10 minutes. Then Q_final = Q_initial + Q_last10. We know Q_final = 4, so Q_initial + Q_last10 = 4. From Q_initial - P_initial = 3, we know P_initial = Q_initial - 3. Since P_initial must be non-negative (cannot have negative goals), Q_initial must be at least 3. Now, consider the possible values for Q_initial (given Q_initial >= 3 and Q_initial + Q_last10 = 4): Case 1: Q_initial = 3. If Q_initial = 3, then P_initial = 3 - 3 = 0. And Q_last10 = 4 - Q_initial = 4 - 3 = 1. In this case: P_final = P_initial + 4 = 0 + 4 = 4. Q_final = Q_initial + Q_last10 = 3 + 1 = 4. Final score: Q=4, P=4. This is a draw. Team P does not win. Case 2: Q_initial = 4. If Q_initial = 4, then P_initial = 4 - 3 = 1. And Q_last10 = 4 - Q_initial = 4 - 4 = 0. In this case: P_final = P_initial + 4 = 1 + 4 = 5. Q_final = Q_initial + Q_last10 = 4 + 0 = 4. Final score: Q=4, P=5. Team P wins. Since we have two possible scenarios (a draw or P wins) even when using both statements together, we cannot definitively answer whether team P wins the match. Therefore, the question cannot be answered even using any of the statements. The final answer is D.
Logical Reasoning: A question is given followed by two 73. Statements I and II. Consider the Question and the Statements and mark the corre

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