The demand for the Tebhaga Peasant Movement in Bengal was for (a) the reduction of the share of the landlords from one-half of the crop to one-third (b) the grant of ownership of land to peasants as they were the actual cultivators of the land (c) the uprooting of Zamindari system and the end of serfdom (d) writing off all peasant debts

The correct answer is (a) the reduction of the share of the landlords from one-half of the crop to one-third. The Tebhaga Movement, primarily active in Bengal during 1946-47, was a significant peasant uprising. 'Tebhaga' refers to the sharecropping system where peasants paid landlords two-thirds of the produce and retained one-third. The movement demanded a reduction of the landlords’ share to one-third, leaving the peasants with two-thirds. Why other options are incorrect: (b) While the ultimate goal of many peasant movements was land ownership, the immediate demand of Tebhaga was not ownership but a fairer share of the crop. (c) The movement didn't explicitly call for the complete uprooting of the Zamindari system, although it challenged its exploitative nature. It focused on the immediate issue of crop sharing. (d) Debt relief was a concern for peasants generally, but it wasn't the central demand of the Tebhaga Movement. Understanding the specific demands of each movement is crucial for answering such questions. The Tebhaga movement was unique in its focus on the crop-sharing ratio.