UPSC Prelims 2019·CSAT·Reading Comprehension·Passage Comprehension

Temperatures have risen nearly five times as rapidly on the Western Antarctic Peninsula than the global average over the past five decades. Researchers have now found that melting glaciers are causing a loss of species diversity among benthos in the coastal waters off the Antarctic Peninsula, Impacting an entire seafloor ecosystem. They Believe increased levels of suspended sediment in water to be the cause of the dwindling biodiversity in the coastal region. On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been Made : 1. Regions of glaciers warm faster than other regions due to global warming. 2. Global warming can lead to seafloor sedimentation in some areas. 3. Melting glaciers can reduce marine biodiversity in some areas. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

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Last updated 23 May 2026, 3:31 pm IST
  1. A1 and 2 only
  2. B3 only
  3. C2 and 3 only
  4. D1, 2 and 3Correct

Explanation

The passage states that temperatures on the Western Antarctic Peninsula (a glaciated region) have risen nearly five times as rapidly as the global average. This directly supports assumption 1, that regions of glaciers warm faster than other regions due to global warming. The passage links melting glaciers to increased levels of suspended sediment in water. Melting glaciers are a consequence of global warming. This suspended sediment eventually settles, contributing to seafloor sedimentation. Therefore, global warming (leading to melting glaciers and increased sediment) can lead to seafloor sedimentation, validating assumption 2. The passage explicitly states that "melting glaciers are causing a loss of species diversity among benthos in the coastal waters off the Antarctic Peninsula, Impacting an entire seafloor ecosystem." This directly supports assumption 3, that melting glaciers can reduce marine biodiversity in some areas. Since all three assumptions are directly supported or logically inferred from the information given in the passage, D is the correct answer.
Reading Comprehension: Temperatures have risen nearly five times as rapidly on the Western Antarctic Peninsula than the global average over the

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